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142 lines
6.2 KiB
Markdown
142 lines
6.2 KiB
Markdown
---
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slug: create-nas-server-with-truenas
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title: Template
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description:
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date:
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draft: true
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tags:
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- truenas
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categories:
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---
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## Introduction
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In my homelab, I need somewhere I can put datas, outside of my Proxmox VE cluster.
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At the beginning, my only one physical server has 2 HDDs disks of 2 TB. When I installed Proxmox on it, these disks were still attached to the host. I managed to share the content using a NFS server in a LXC, but this was far from a good practice.
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During this winter, the node started to fail, it was stopping by itself for no reason. This bad boy is 7 years old. When it was shut down, the NFS share were unavailable, which was affecting some services in my homelab. Luckily I could fix it up by replacing its CPU fan, but now I want a safer place for these datas.
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I this article I will walk you through the entire build of my NAS, using TrueNAS.
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## Choose the the right platform
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For a while I wanted to have a NAS. Not one ready out-of-the-box like Synology or QNAP. While I think these are good products, I wanted to build mine. But I have a huge constraint of space in my tiny rack and the choice for a small NAS case are very limited.
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### Hardware
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I consider full flash NAS. This has several advantages:
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- It is fast
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- It is small
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- It consumes less
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- It heats less
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But with a major drawback, the price.
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While the speed is negligible to me because my network can't handle it, the others are exactly what I'm looking for. I don't need a massive volume a data, around 2 TB of usable space is enough.
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My first choice was the [Aiffro K100](https://www.aiffro.com/fr/products/all-ssd-nas-k100). But I couldn't find a way to have it deliver in France without doubling the price. Finally I managed to buy a [Beelink ME mini](https://www.bee-link.com/products/beelink-me-mini-n150?variant=48678160236786).
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This small cube has:
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- N200 CPU
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- 12 GB of RAM
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- 2x 2.5Gbps Ethernet ports
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- can host up to 6x NVMe drives
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- a 64 GB eMMC chip to install an OS.
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I started with 2 drives for now, 2 TB each.
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### Software
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Now that the hardware choice is done, what I would use as software?
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In the past I've heard of several NAS operating system, like FreeNAS, Open Media Vault or Unraid. But I never really dig into the subject.
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Here my requirements:
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- NFS shares
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- ZFS support
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- VM capabilities
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After comparing the solutions, the choice was made to use TrueNAS Community Edition, which is the new name of FreeNAS.
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## Install TrueNAS
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The installation of TrueNAS didn't go as smooth as I expected id to be.
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I'm using [Ventoy](https://www.ventoy.net/en/index.html) to store multiple ISO in a single USB stick. I was in version 1.0.99, and the ISO wouldn't launch. I had to update to version 1.1.10 to make it work:
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But here I encounter another problem when launching the installation on my eMMC storage device:
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```
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Failed to find partition number 2 on mmcblk0
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```
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I found a solution on this [post](https://forums.truenas.com/t/installation-failed-on-emmc-odroid-h4/15317/12):
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- Enter the shell
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- Edit the file `/lib/python3/dist-packages/truenas_installer/utils.py`
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- Move the line `await asyncio.sleep(1)` right beneath `for _try in range(tries):`
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- Edit line 46 to add `+ 'p'`:
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`for partdir in filter(lambda x: x.is_dir() and x.name.startswith(device + 'p'), dir_contents):`
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- Exit the shell and start the installation without reboot
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The installer was finally able to get through:
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Once the installation is complete, I shutdown the machine. Then I install it into my rack on top of the 3 Proxmox VE nodes. I plug both Ethernet cables from my switch, the power and turn it on.
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## Configuration of TrueNAS
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By default TrueNAS is using DHCP. I check the UniFi interface to gather its MAC, then in OPNsense, I define a new host override in Dnsmasq. Finally in the Caddy plugin, I create a new domain for TrueNAS with that IP. I restart the machine a last time.
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✅ After a few minutes, TrueNAS is now available on https://nas.vezpi.com.
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### General Settings
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During the installation I didn't choose to define a password for the user `truenas_admin`. I'm requested to change it as soon as I reach the login page:
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Once the password is updated, I land on the dashbaord. The UI feels great at first glance:
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The first thing I do is to change the hostname to `granite` and check the box below to define the domain inherited from DHCP:
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In the `General Settings`, I change the `Localization` settings. I set the Console Keyboard Map to `French (AZERTY)` and the Timezone to `Europe/Paris`.
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I create a new user `vez`, with `Full Admin` role within TrueNAS. I allow SSH access but only with a SSH key, not with password:
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Finally I remove the admin role from `truenas_admin` and lock the account.
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### Pool creation
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{what is a pool?}
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In the `Storage` page, I can find my `Disks`, where I can confirm TrueNAS can see my couple of NVMe drives:
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Now back in the `Storage Dashboard`, I click the `Create Pool` button. I name the pool `storage`:
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Then I select the `Mirror` layout:
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I explore quickly the optional options but none makes sense for my setup. At the end, before creating the pool, there is a Review section:
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After hitting `Create Pool`, I'm warned that everything on the disks will be erased, which I have to confirm. Finally the pool is created.
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### dataset config
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### data protection
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## Use of TrueNAS
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### Firewall rule
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### Data migration
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### Android application
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## Conclusion |